One of the first questions many first-time intended parents ask is “whose eggs are used in surrogacy?”. It is a common point of confusion, as the general assumption is that the surrogate uses her own eggs. This often leads to misunderstandings about genetics and parentage.

In gestational surrogacy, the most common type of surrogacy today, the surrogate has no genetic link to the baby. Instead, the embryo is created using eggs from the intended mother or an egg donor, and the sperm from the intended father or a donor. The surrogate, in turn, carries and cares for the pregnancy. Though she plays a significant role, she is not genetically related to the baby.

Understanding this distinction helps you, as an intended parent, make informed decisions about your family-building journey and feel confident in the science and care behind the process.

The Role of Eggs in the Surrogacy Process

In gestational surrogacy, the journey begins with the creation of embryos through in vitro fertilization (IVF). This process involves retrieving eggs from either the intended mother or an egg donor. These are then fertilized with sperm from the intended father or a donor in a specialized laboratory setting.

It is important to understand that the surrogate does not use her own eggs in gestational surrogacy. She has no relationship with the baby she carries. Her role is to provide a healthy and nurturing environment for the pregnancy. The donors provide the genetic material and, when applicable, intended parents.

Understanding how embryos are created in gestational surrogacy can also help intended parents feel more informed and empowered as they explore their fertility options. Whether you are using your own eggs, sperm, or working with a donor, each path offers an opportunity to build your family.

At Growing Generations, our team guides you through every step of this process with clarity, compassion, and respect for your unique journey to parenthood.

Using the Intended Mother’s Eggs

For intended parents who plan to use their own eggs to have a child, the process includes the following steps:

1. Ovarian stimulation: The intended mother takes a series of hormone-based medications (usually over 10–14 days) to stimulate the ovaries and encourage the production of multiple mature eggs in a single cycle. Producing more eggs increases the likelihood of creating high-quality embryos. Throughout stimulation, their doctors perform frequent ultrasounds and blood tests to monitor follicle growth and hormone levels. When the eggs reach optimal maturity, a “trigger shot” is administered to prepare for retrieval at precisely the right time.

2. Egg retrieval: About 36 hours after the shot, the eggs are collected through a brief, minimally invasive outpatient procedure. Using ultrasound guidance, the doctor retrieves the eggs from the ovaries under light sedation. Most patients return to normal activities within a day or two.

3. Fertilization: The retrieved eggs are combined with sperm from the intended father or a sperm donor in the IVF lab. Fertilization occurs either naturally in a dish or through intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), where a single sperm is injected directly into each egg to improve success rates. Over the next few days, embryologists monitor the fertilized eggs as they grow into embryos. The healthiest embryos are selected for potential transfer, and additional viable embryos can be frozen for future use.

4. Embryo transfer: A carefully selected embryo is transferred into the surrogate’s uterus in a simple, non-surgical procedure. The surrogate then carries the pregnancy and delivers the baby on behalf of the intended parents.

For many intended mothers, using a surrogate allows them to have a child that carries their own genetic legacy while navigating the journey to parenthood safely. It offers the opportunity to experience the profound connection of sharing their DNA with their child, while entrusting the pregnancy to someone who can carry it to term.

For many, this approach combines the joy of genetic parenthood with the reassurance of a safe and supported pregnancy, making their dream of starting a family both meaningful and achievable.

When and Why Egg Donors Are Used

There are many reasons intended parents may choose to use an egg donor in their surrogacy journey. Some intended mothers may face challenges related to age, genetics, or medical conditions. Others, such as same-sex couples, rely on an egg donor to create embryos. In every case, the goal is the same: to help someone build a family who cannot do so on their own.

At Growing Generations, we take great care in guiding parents through the donor selection process. Our egg donors are among the top 1% of applicants and come from all over the world. Before applying to be an egg donor, potential applicants must meet health, lifestyle, and family history requirements. All potential egg donors complete a thorough selection and screening process, which includes a video consultation and completion of medical and psychological screening.

We make the process of selecting your egg donor seamless. Your first step is to sign up for a free account to begin browsing our egg donor profiles online. You can review detailed profiles, including background, education, physical traits, and personal motivations for donating, to help you connect with the right donor. Once you select the right donor, we will make sure to match your timeline to continue with the egg donation cycle.

We understand that choosing an egg donor is both a practical and emotional decision. Our team provides the utmost support and guidance throughout the process, ensuring you feel confident, respected, and emotionally supported as you take this important step toward building your family.

The Medical Process Step-by-Step

At Growing Generations, we believe that understanding the medical process helps you feel empowered and confident as you move closer to parenthood. Below is a step-by-step overview of how embryos are created and transferred. It includes insight into the differences between fresh and frozen eggs and the medical safeguards that protect everyone involved.

Step 1: Egg Retrieval

The process begins with ovarian stimulation and egg collection. An egg donor (or the intended mother) completes an ovarian stimulation protocol using hormone medications to encourage multiple eggs to mature. The fertility clinic closely monitors follicle growth through ultrasounds and bloodwork, and once the eggs reach maturity, a brief outpatient procedure retrieves them under light sedation.

Step 2: Fertilization

When the retrieved eggs are combined in the lab with sperm from the intended father or a donor. Embryologists may use traditional IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a technique in which a single sperm is injected directly into an egg to increase the chance of fertilization.

Step 3: Embryo Development

The next step is embryo development, a critical stage where embryos are observed for several days as they grow. Embryologists assess their progress and grade them based on quality, selecting the healthiest embryos for transfer.

Step 4: Embryo Transfer

The final step is to transfer to the surrogate, whose uterus is prepared hormonally to receive the embryo. In a fresh cycle, this timing is carefully synchronized with egg retrieval and fertilization. The embryo transfer itself is a simple, non-surgical clinic procedure, followed by pregnancy testing and early prenatal care.

FRESH VS. FROZEN EGGS:

Fresh vs. frozen (vitrified) eggs each offer unique benefits. In a fresh cycle, eggs are retrieved, fertilized, and embryos transferred within the same stimulation cycle. This is ideal when the surrogate and egg donor are medically synchronized.

Frozen eggs, however, are rapidly vitrified and stored for later use, offering more flexibility with timing, opportunities for genetic testing, and reduced medical demands on the egg provider. With advancements in freezing technology, success rates for frozen embryos now match those of fresh transfers.

At every stage, Growing Generations prioritizes medical safeguards and ethical integrity. We partner only with clinics that meet the highest standards for medical screening, genetic testing, lab quality control, and informed consent.

All processes align with the ethical guidelines of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), ensuring the safety, autonomy, and well-being of donors, surrogates, and intended parents alike. Our role is to help you understand each step, feel supported throughout the process, and move forward with confidence as your journey to parenthood unfolds.

Legal and Emotional Considerations

No matter whose eggs are used, the legal establishment of parentage is a cornerstone of every surrogacy journey. Your attorney, working closely with your selected surrogacy agency and fertility clinic, prepares comprehensive contracts that outline everyone’s rights and responsibilities.

These agreements protect all parties involved and clearly define you as the intended parents. Before birth, a pre-birth order or similar legal document is typically issued by the court, ensuring that your names appear on the baby’s birth certificate. This process gives you peace of mind that your parentage is recognized and protected from the very start.

For intended mothers using donor eggs, this legal clarity often brings profound emotional comfort. Knowing that their parental rights are fully protected helps ease common worries about connection or identity. Many find reassurance in understanding that genetics do not define family; love, intention, and commitment do. 

The combination of strong legal safeguards and compassionate emotional support allows intended parents to embrace their journey with confidence. And when the moment comes to see their baby’s heartbeat or hold them for the first time, any lingering doubts are replaced by the joy of welcoming their baby.

Confidentiality and informed consent are also essential to maintaining trust throughout the process. Donor identities and personal details are handled with the highest level of privacy, following both legal and ethical standards.

Before any medical or legal steps are taken, every participant, including intended parents, donors, and surrogates, receives thorough counseling and documentation outlining their rights, responsibilities, and the implications of their choices. This transparency ensures that each decision is made with full understanding, respect, and care for everyone involved.

Choosing the Right Path with Growing Generations

At Growing Generations, we understand that every path to parenthood is unique. Whether you are using your own eggs, working with an egg donor, or exploring surrogacy for the first time, we are here to guide you every step of the way.

From your very first consultation to the moment you hold your baby, we walk beside you, helping you understand your medical options, navigate through emotional choices, and feel confident every step of this process. Our mission is to create a seamless surrogacy experience so you can focus on what matters most: building your family.

Your decision to pursue surrogacy is about so much more than finances. It’s about paving a path to parenthood. As part of the journey, it is only natural to ask: How much does surrogacy cost, and what should I expect along the way? Understanding the breakdown of surrogacy costs can help you feel prepared, confident, and focused on what matters the most: growing your family.

How Much Does Surrogacy Really Cost?

In the United States, the average cost of surrogacy ranges from $120,000 to $250,000, according to the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM). The wide range reflects variables like surrogate compensation, In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) services, insurance coverage, and whether an egg or sperm donor is needed. However, it also represents the coordinated work of medical experts, legal professionals, surrogacy agencies, and more importantly, the incredible women who choose to become surrogates.

What Makes Up the Cost?

Surrogacy costs are not a single line item. They are a collection of essential services designed to protect your family and your surrogate while ensuring a safe, ethical, and supportive journey.

AGENCY FEES

Partnering with a reputable surrogacy agency like Growing Generations is one of the most important investments you will make. Agency fees cover surrogate matching, journey coordination, case management, and the overall support that helps intended parents feel secure every step of the way.

SURROGATE COMPENSATION

Compensation recognizes the time, effort, and commitment of surrogates. This typically includes a base fee that includes allowances for maternity clothing, travel, and related pregnancy expenses. For many intended parents, this is the single largest cost and a reflection of the surrogate’s dedication.

MEDICAL & IVF SERVICES

Medical expenses are a central part of surrogacy and include fertility treatments required to achieve pregnancy. IVF services cover fertility medications for the surrogate, embryo creation, transfer procedures, and the ongoing monitoring and lab work needed throughout the process. The costs can vary depending on the number of transfers or cycles required to achieve a successful pregnancy.

For some intended parents, the process also involves working with an egg donor or sperm donor. Egg donor costs usually include donor compensation, medical screenings, retrieval procedures, and any travel. Sperm donation is generally less expensive but may involve testing, collection, and storage fees. Whether you are using your own genetic material or working with a donor, these medical and IVF services form the foundation of your surrogacy journey.

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS & ESCROW ACCOUNTS

Every surrogacy journey requires carefully drafted legal agreements to protect both intended parents and surrogates. Escrow accounts are often used to manage payments securely, ensuring transparency and trust throughout the process.

INSURANCE & PREGNANCY CARE COSTS

Health insurance is one of the most complex components of surrogacy costs. Some surrogates have existing insurance plans that may cover maternity care, but many do not, or their policies may specifically exclude surrogate pregnancies. In these cases, intended parents often purchase a surrogacy-friendly insurance policy to ensure all medical needs are covered. It’s also important to note that insurance must be in place for at least three months post-birth for the surrogate to ensure adequate postpartum coverage and support. Growing Generations will ensure that you have the support of insurance professionals to guide parents and answer any insurance-related questions.

Beyond insurance premiums, there are direct pregnancy care costs to consider. These include prenatal appointments, routine lab work, ultrasounds, labor and delivery fees, hospital stays, and any postpartum care required for the surrogate. If complications arise, costs can increase significantly, making adequate coverage essential.

For international intended parents, additional considerations such as neonatal care and citizenship-related paperwork may add to expenses. While these costs can feel daunting, the right insurance strategy ensures your surrogate receives the best possible care while protecting you from unexpected medical bills.

TRAVEL & INCIDENTALS

Depending on geography, intended parents or surrogates may need to travel for medical appointments, embryo transfers, or delivery. These expenses, flights, accommodations, childcare, and meals, are factored into the overall budget.

EXTRAS THAT ADD UP

In addition to the essentials, some families choose optional services such as genetic testing of embryos (PGT or PGD), additional ultrasounds or counseling sessions, and postpartum or doula support. While not required, these services can add reassurance, personalization, and peace of mind.

Cost Scenarios: Which Best Matches You?

Every surrogacy journey looks different, and costs will vary depending on your starting point and your family’s needs. Here are a few common scenarios that can help you estimate where you might fall within the overall cost range:

• Scenario 1: Intended Parents With Embryos Already Created
  For families who have previously undergone IVF and already have viable embryos ready for transfer, the medical costs are significantly lower. In this case, expenses are primarily focused on surrogate compensation, agency fees, legal contracts, and pregnancy care. Total costs may fall closer to the lower end of the national average range.

• Scenario 2: Intended Parents Needing Egg or Sperm Donation
  If you require an egg or sperm donor, costs increase to cover donor compensation, medical screenings, retrieval or collection procedures, and related travel or storage. This scenario often places families in the mid-range of surrogacy expenses. Many intended parents choose this path when one or both partners face infertility challenges or for single parents and same-sex couples.

• Scenario 3: Comprehensive Journey With Donor Services and Genetic Testing
  Some intended parents prefer a fully comprehensive approach, which may include donor services, genetic testing of embryos (PGT or PGD), and additional pregnancy support such as doula care. This provides the most tailored and safeguarded experience, but also places total costs at the higher end of the national range.

At Growing Generations, we understand that no two families are alike. That’s why we offer tailored surrogacy packages designed to meet your unique needs, whether you’re starting with embryos in storage or beginning your journey from the very first step.

Ways to Finance Your Surrogacy

While many intended parents pay for surrogacy out of pocket, there are opportunities to offset costs. Increasingly, employers offer fertility and family-building benefits that cover IVF expenses, surrogacy agency fees, or legal costs. Some insurance providers also extend partial coverage for fertility treatments. There are also fertility financing options available to help make the costs more manageable.

Tips From Parents Who’ve Been There

"We want to explain to our child that he or she is the result of a sum of very generous acts: most of all that of his surrogate mother and the egg donor who also made it possible for him to exist. This gesture of offering the potential of one’s own body to others is something beautiful.” - Jose and Miguel, Intended Parents

Quick tip: Share your child’s story with pride. Framing their journey as an act of altruism helps them grow up with confidence in their unique journey.

“We want to express our deepest gratitude for making our lifelong dream of becoming parents a reality.  Thank you all for helping us through a process that at times was overwhelming.  Your professionalism, support, and love made us feel at ease.” - Eric and Jose, Parents to daughter Alexa

Quick tip: Choose an agency that not only manages the logistics but also makes you feel supported and cared for. Trust is just as important as expertise.

“Growing Generations was by our side throughout the process of becoming parents – on the good – as well as the bad days. Now, we’re blessed with the two most beautiful girls in the world. Thank you GG for helping make our dreams come true.” - Eric and Doug, Parents to twin daughters

Quick tip: Expect ups and downs along the way, but lean on your agency for guidance and reassurance. The right partner will walk you through every step of the way.

Final Thoughts

Surrogacy is both a financial and emotional investment, but with the right planning, it’s an achievable path to parenthood. Understanding the full surrogacy cost breakdown allows you to prepare, set realistic expectations, and move forward with confidence.

At Growing Generations, we believe every family deserves a journey defined by care, clarity, and compassion. For those seeking a premium surrogacy experience, Growing Generations delivers a high-touch, personalized approach, matching you with exceptional surrogates and providing unmatched care from start to finish. When you’re ready, our team is here to guide you every step of the way.

Disclaimer: All figures are estimates. Actual costs vary. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, financial, or medical advice.

Surrogacy is a remarkable path to parenthood, offering hope and joy to individuals and couples who cannot grow their family themselves. While the process can seem complex at first, understanding the step-by-step journey can bring clarity, confidence, and peace of mind. Think of it as a roadmap where each milestone brings you closer to holding your baby in your arms.

Surrogacy Journey Overview

Every surrogacy journey is as unique as the family it creates, yet there’s a shared rhythm that gives the process structure and reassurance. At its heart, surrogacy is a collaboration between intended parents, a surrogate, and a dedicated team of professionals with each step carefully designed to protect everyone’s health, rights, and emotional well-being.

The process typically begins with an in-depth consultation where your hopes, needs, and questions are explored in a safe, welcoming space. From there, your chosen agency acts as your guide, helping you navigate screenings, legal requirements, medical steps, and being matched with your surrogate. The journey also includes thoughtful legal planning to ensure parentage is secured, advanced medical procedures to create and transfer embryos, and comprehensive care throughout pregnancy.

While the logistics are important, the true heart of the process is the human connection. Your surrogate isn’t just someone carrying your child; she’s a partner in one of life’s most profound endeavors. At Growing 

Generations, careful attention is paid to matching you with someone who shares your values, communicates openly, and genuinely believes in helping others become parents.

From the first conversation to the day you take your baby home, the journey is filled with a series of milestones, each one bringing you closer to holding your goal of parenthood. The path is clearly marked, but never rushed. With expert guidance, emotional support, and a plan tailored to your family, the surrogacy process becomes less about navigating challenges and more about celebrating the moments that matter most.

Step 1 – Initial Consultation & Admission

You start your journey to parenthood by booking a complimentary consultation. As you learn more about the Growing Generations surrogacy program and surrogates, we, in turn, will get to know you, your expectations and your needs. When you are ready to get started, you will sign a retainer agreement and pay the retainer fee. By doing so, you are giving us permission to start your surrogacy journey. This retainer can be done at any time, including during the initial consultation.

Step 2 – Choosing the Right Surrogacy Agency

Finding the right surrogacy agency is a crucial step in the journey to growing your family, and it requires careful research and consideration. With nearly 30 years of experience, Growing Generations can provide essential support, guidance, and peace of mind throughout the surrogacy process, ensuring all legal, medical, and emotional aspects are expertly managed.

To select the best surrogacy agency, prospective parents should evaluate factors such as the agency’s experience, success rates, legal expertise, and the quality of support services offered to both intended parents and surrogates. Taking the time to compare agencies, ask detailed questions, and read reviews can make all the difference in creating a positive and successful surrogacy experience. When selecting an agency, consider:

• Experience & reputation: An agency’s history speaks volumes about its ability to navigate the complexities of surrogacy. Look for a team with years of proven experience, a strong track record of successful matches, and a reputation for ethical practices. This depth of knowledge can make the difference between a stressful process and one that feels supported and smooth from start to finish.

• Matching services and success rates: The heart of your journey begins with finding the right surrogate. Agencies with thoughtful, personalized matching services and high success rates show they’re committed to making meaningful connections and not just quick pairings. Growing Generations has a 99.3% success rate for surrogacy journeys. We offer a match guarantee that ensures this success rate and our surrogates are at the top 1% of all applicants.

• Legal expertise: Surrogacy laws vary widely, and having legal experts who understand your specific jurisdiction is essential. The right agency ensures every contract and parentage order is handled correctly, protecting your rights and paving the way for a seamless transition into parenthood when your baby arrives.

• Support programs: Quality agencies provide ongoing emotional, logistical, and practical support to intended parents and surrogates alike. This ensures each person feels valued, cared for, and confident both through the joyful moments and the challenges.

• Transparency in Costs and Timelines: Reputable agencies are upfront about all costs, payment schedules, and realistic timelines. Knowing what to expect financially and logistically helps you plan with confidence and stay focused on the ultimate goal: bringing your baby home.

Step 3 – Matching With Your Surrogate

Matching isn’t just about profiles. It’s about alignment in values, communication styles, and emotional fit. At Growing Generations, a matching specialist carefully reviews both surrogate and intended parent profiles, including lifestyle, motives, and preferences, until they find a promising pairing. Over 98% of our intended parents choose to move forward with their first match. If you are matched with a surrogate that does not pass medical screening, not only will we cover up to $5,000 of the surrogate’s screening expenses, but we will also provide you with another surrogate match free of any additional agency fees. That’s our Match Guarantee.  After a tentative match is made, a facilitated video meeting takes place. Both sides then have 24 hours to reflect before making the match official.

Step 4 – Medical Clearance of the Surrogate

Before the embryo transfer, the surrogate undergoes a thorough medical clearance. At Growing Generations, our screening process is rigorous. Surrogates are among the top 2% of applicants and pass evaluations around health, lifestyle, background, and readiness. The clinic may conduct a mock cycle, lab tests, infectious disease screens, ultrasounds, and more before granting final approval.

Step 5 – IVF & Embryo Creation

If embryos have not already been created, in-vitro fertilization (IVF) is the next step. This may involve using the intended mother’s or a donor’s eggs and the intended father’s or a donor’s sperm. The eggs are fertilized in a laboratory and monitored as they develop into embryos. Many intended parents choose to use pre-implantation genetic testing (PGT-A) to check for chromosomal health before transfer. The lab timeline depends on the clinics you work with. However, our team will guide you through the process to ensure everything runs smoothly.

Step 6 – Drafting & Signing Legal Contracts

When both parties feel confident in the match, the legal phase begins. At Growing Generations, we ensure that you are connected to a top legal professional. They will provide you with personalized and customized legal advice.  As you go through this step, we emphasize clarity and trust, encouraging open dialogue and ensuring intended parents are protected at every legal turn.

Step 7 – Embryo Transfer Day

Embryo transfer day is an exciting and emotional milestone. The procedure is simple and typically painless, as the embryo is placed in the surrogate’s uterus using a thin catheter. Afterward, most surrogates rest for the remainder of the day but can resume normal activities quickly. While the outcome is ultimately up to nature, maintaining a calm and positive environment can help ease any anxiety during this waiting period. Growing Generations case specialists work closely with both intended parents and surrogates to make sure they have everything they need during this step in the process.

Step 8 – Pregnancy Care & Monitoring

When pregnancy is confirmed, the surrogate will continue with fertility clinic monitoring until she transitions to the care of her obstetrician. Intended parents often receive regular updates, ultrasound images, and reports throughout the pregnancy. Insurance coverage is reviewed to ensure that all medical needs are met and that there are no gaps in protection. Our case specialists are with the intended parents through the pregnancy process and beyond, anticipating their needs.

Step 9 – Securing the Pre‑Birth Order

To ensure legal parentage, many states require a pre-birth order (PBO). This court-issued document allows the intended parents’ names to be placed directly on the baby’s birth certificate. The process and timeline vary depending on the state, but in some areas, the paperwork can be filed as early as the second trimester.

Step 10 – Delivery Day Logistics

When delivery day arrives, the hospital follows the agreed-upon birth plan. Intended parents are usually present for the birth, ready to meet their baby for the first time. Many choose to begin kangaroo care, also known as skin-to-skin contact immediately, which can help the newborn regulate temperature and heartbeat while fostering early bonding. The process of issuing the birth certificate typically begins right away.

Step 11 – After Birth: Transition & Ongoing Relationship

After the baby’s arrival, the relationship between intended parents and their surrogate evolves. Some continue to share milestones and maintain close friendships, while others prefer less frequent communication. The frequency and type of contacts are usually agreed upon together, with the understanding that each relationship is unique.

Ready to Start?

Surrogacy is a life-changing, deeply personal journey, fueled by the desire to grow your family. With a supportive, transparent, and expert team like Growing Generations by your side, you don’t just move through steps; you move forward with confidence, compassion, and clarity. If you're ready to take the next step, a professional consultation can start your journey to parenthood. Contact us at 323.965.7500 or via email at family@growinggenerations.com.

Every journey to parenthood is unique. For some, the road takes an unexpected but extraordinary turn. Surrogacy is more than a medical process; it’s an act of generosity, connection, and shared purpose.

If you’ve wanted to grow your family but wondered how to make it possible, this guide will walk you through everything you need to know about surrogacy, how it works, and what to expect every step of the way.

What Is Surrogacy?

Surrogacy is a partnership built on trust and compassion. It’s an arrangement where a surrogate carries and delivers a baby for intended parents who, for medical or personal reasons, are unable or prefer not to carry a pregnancy themselves.

In gestational surrogacy, the most common type of surrogacy today, the baby is not genetically related to the surrogate. Instead, embryos are created through in vitro fertilization (IVF) using the eggs and sperm of the intended parents and/or donors. These embryos are then transferred into the surrogate’s uterus.

Surrogacy can open the door to parenthood for people facing medical infertility, same-sex couples, and single individuals who dream of becoming parents. It is, above all, a process built on trust, respect, and mutual care.

Surrogacy involves a complex legal, medical, and emotional process. It requires the involvement of several professionals, including surrogacy agencies, attorneys, fertility specialists, and psychologists. To help ensure a safe and successful outcome, it is important to work with these professionals.  They will help you understand the surrogacy process and the nature of the journey towards parenthood.

Types of Surrogacy: What’s the Difference?

Surrogacy isn’t one-size-fits-all. Choosing the right type of surrogacy is one of the first and most important decisions you’ll make on your path to parenthood. Each option carries its own medical, emotional, and legal considerations, and understanding the differences will help you make an informed choice that feels right for your family.

Gestational Surrogacy

Gestational surrogacy is the most common form practiced today, mostly because it offers the strongest legal protections and emotional boundaries. In this arrangement, the surrogate becomes pregnant through the transfer of an embryo created via in vitro fertilization (IVF). The embryo is made using eggs and sperm from the intended parents or from donors, meaning the surrogate has no genetic connection to the child she carries.

Because she is not the biological mother, the focus is on her role as a trusted carrier, not as a genetic parent. This helps streamline legal proceedings in most states and minimizes emotional complexity for everyone involved. Gestational surrogacy is used in the vast majority of U.S. surrogacy journeys today and is the model recommended by most reputable agencies and fertility specialists.

Traditional Surrogacy

In traditional surrogacy, the surrogate provides her own egg, making her the child’s biological mother. Conception is achieved either through artificial insemination or IVF, and because she is genetically related to the baby, the legal process is often more complicated.

Some states either heavily restrict or prohibit traditional surrogacy, and in places where it is allowed, establishing legal parentage for the intended parents can take longer and may require additional court proceedings.

For these reasons, it is far less common than gestational surrogacy in modern practice., However, some intended parents choose it when an intended mother cannot produce viable eggs and wish to avoid the use of an anonymous egg donor.

Altruistic vs. Commercial/Compensated

Altruistic surrogacy is often chosen in countries or states where compensated surrogacy is not legal. In this arrangement, the surrogate does not receive payment beyond the reimbursement of pregnancy-related expenses such as medical bills, maternity clothing, and travel for appointments.

Many altruistic surrogacies occur between family members or close friends who have a deep, preexisting bond of trust. While the financial aspect may be reduced, the emotional commitment remains significant, and clear legal agreements are still essential to protect all parties.

On the other hand, in commercial surrogacy, the surrogate receives an agreed-upon base compensation in addition to having her pregnancy-related expenses covered. This compensation reflects the time, physical commitment, and personal sacrifices involved in carrying a child for someone else.

Commercial surrogacy is legal in many, but not all, U.S. states, and the compensation varies depending on the surrogate’s experience, geographic location, and specific circumstances of the pregnancy (such as carrying twins).

Agency-assisted vs. Independent Surrogacy

Agency-assisted surrogacy means that a professional surrogacy agency coordinates the entire process, from matching intended parents with a surrogate to arranging medical screening, overseeing legal agreements, and offering ongoing emotional support.

Agencies often have established relationships with fertility clinics, attorneys, and insurance providers, creating a smoother, more guided journey. This option is ideal for first-time intended parents who value a structured, step-by-step process with experienced guidance.

Independent surrogacy is when the intended parents and the surrogate connect directly through personal networks, online groups, or word-of-mouth, and coordinate the process themselves. While this option can reduce agency fees, it requires the intended parents and surrogates to take on the administrative work, from arranging medical appointments to finding attorneys and managing communication.

For those already experienced with surrogacy or who have a pre-existing relationship with their surrogate, this can be a viable route. However, for first-time intended parents, independent surrogacy can feel overwhelming without professional support.

Why Intended Parents Choose Surrogacy

There are several reasons why intended parents choose surrogacy to grow their family. Some of the most common reasons are infertility, medical conditions that make carrying a pregnancy dangerous, and same-sex male couples who wish to have a biological child. For many, it’s also simply the best choice for their family and the path that feels right to them.

Infertility

Infertility is a medical condition that affects many people and can prevent them from having children. Surrogacy can be a good option for couples who are battling infertility because it allows them to have a biological child even if they are unable to carry the pregnancy themselves. It provides hope and a chance for parenthood by allowing for the creation of a biological child using the intended parents' or donors' egg and sperm, which can be implanted in a surrogate’s uterus to carry to term via in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Medical Conditions

Some medical conditions, such as heart disease or diabetes, can make carrying a pregnancy risky or even life-threatening. Surrogacy is a good alternative for people who have medical conditions that make carrying a pregnancy to term dangerous. Surrogacy allows them to have a biological child without putting their health and themselves at risk.

Same-sex Male Couples

During the first successful attempt at gestational surrogacy in 1985, the opportunity was not available to same-sex male couples. We, at Growing Generations, are pioneers in this field, being one of the first agencies to serve gay and single men. Today, through advocacy, dedication and hard work, same-sex couples can realize their dreams of parenthood.

Single Parenting

For single individuals, surrogacy can be the path to becoming a parent without needing a partner.

The Surrogacy Journey: Step-by-Step

While timelines can vary, most surrogacy journeys follow a similar series of stages. Think of them as stepping stones, each one bringing you closer to meeting your path to parenthood.

1. Consultation and eligibility screening

Your journey begins here. You’ll meet with an agency or fertility clinic to share your hopes, review your medical history, and learn the requirements for surrogacy in your state. It’s a chance to ask questions, get clarity, and ensure you’re emotionally and legally ready for the road ahead.

2. Matching with a surrogate

This is one of the most exciting steps in your journey. You will be introduced to a surrogate whose values, lifestyle, and medical history align with the surrogacy requirements. This is the foundation of your partnership, and when that “click” happens, you’ll know you’ve found the right fit. A thoughtful match lays the foundation for a positive and supportive relationship throughout the pregnancy.

3. Legal contracts

Here’s where you turn trust into a binding agreement. Independent attorneys for both sides create detailed contracts outlining everyone’s rights, responsibilities, and expectations. This step ensures that the relationship and the parentage are protected from the very beginning.

4. Post-birth parental orders and transition

The final stage is the birth itself, along with any post-birth legal steps needed to confirm parentage. In many cases, a pre-birth order allows intended parents to be legally recognized before the baby is born, making the moment they leave the hospital with their child seamless and joyful.

Timeline of a Typical Surrogacy Journey

From the first consultation to holding your baby, surrogacy generally takes between 15 and 20 months. The timeline can be shorter or longer depending on factors such as how quickly a surrogate match is found, the legal requirements in your state, and whether more than one IVF cycle is needed.

For example, the first three months are typically dedicated to consultation, screening, and gathering preferences so we can find your ideal surrogate match. The next two to three months focus on legal contracts, medical preparation, and the IVF cycle. Pregnancy lasts roughly nine months, followed by the birth and any final legal steps, bringing the total journey close to two years from start to finish.

Costs & Financial Considerations

Surrogacy is a significant investment, reflecting both the complexity of the process and the dedication of the professionals involved. According the the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), the average cost of surrogacy is between $120,000 to $250,000.

• Agency fees often range from $20,000 to $40,000 and cover services such as matching, coordination, and ongoing support.

• Surrogate compensation can vary, depending on experience, location, and whether the pregnancy involves multiples. At Growing Generations, the compensation for surrogates ranges between $75,000 and $125,000. By welcoming only the top 2% of qualified candidates, we ensure every surrogate receives exceptional support and care throughout their journey.

• Medical costs, including IVF, medications, and prenatal care, typically run between $15,000 and $30,000.

• Legal fees for both parties generally total $8,000 to $15,000.

• Insurance coverage for the surrogate’s maternity care may cost anywhere from $5,000 to $20,000, depending on whether a healthcare plan, employer coverage, or a specialty policy is used.

Legal Considerations

Surrogacy laws vary widely from state to state. Some states allow pre-birth parentage orders, while others only finalize parentage after delivery.

It is important that both intended parents and the surrogate work with attorneys who specialize in assisted reproduction law to ensure the agreement is valid and enforceable where they live. Independent legal representation for both parties is non-negotiable in a safe, ethical surrogacy journey.

Insurance & Medical Coverage

Insurance coverage for surrogacy can be complex. Some Affordable Care Act (ACA) plans will cover a surrogate’s prenatal care, while others exclude it entirely. Increasingly, employers are offering fertility and surrogacy benefits, which can help offset costs beyond medical expenses, such as agency or legal fees.

Reviewing your insurance options before starting the process can help you plan more effectively.

Success Rates & What Influences Them

Gestational surrogacy is one of the most successful forms of assisted reproduction. Data from the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) show that when healthy donor eggs are used, success rates can exceed 75% per embryo transfer, an encouraging figure for intended parents eager to grow their family.

Several key factors influence the likelihood of success:

• The age and health of the egg provider are important; eggs from donors under 35 tend to yield higher success rates.

• Advances like preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) can improve the odds by ensuring only chromosomally normal embryos are transferred.

• The surrogate’s reproductive history also matters; women who have carried healthy pregnancies before are more likely to have positive outcomes.

• And perhaps one of the most overlooked factors is the expertise of the fertility clinic—experienced clinics with a strong track record can make a measurable difference in results.

Surrogacy is not only about statistics. It is about creating the best possible path to parenthood. Success is built on the right team, the right preparation, and the right support at every stage.

Emotional Considerations

Surrogacy is a deeply human journey filled with emotion. For intended parents, it’s normal to feel a mix of excitement, hope, and gratitude, alongside moments of anxiety or impatience, especially during the quiet stretches between key milestones.

Maintaining a close, respectful connection with your surrogate can make the experience richer for everyone. 

Celebrating small victories like a healthy ultrasound, a reassuring doctor’s visit, or even the first kick can help you stay present in the journey rather than constantly waiting for the next big step.

It’s also wise to surround yourself with support. Friends and family who understand your path, online or in-person surrogacy communities, and professional counselors who specialize in fertility can all help you process the ups and downs. Remember: this is a shared experience of trust, care, and anticipation. The more emotionally supported you feel, the more meaningful the journey becomes.

Common Misconceptions About Surrogacy

Surrogacy has evolved significantly over the past few decades, yet several myths persist, often based on outdated information.

One of the most common fears is that a surrogate can change her mind and keep the baby. In properly managed gestational surrogacy, this is not possible. Before any medical steps are taken, all parties sign detailed legal agreements, and parentage is typically established in court either before or immediately after birth. Surrogates participate fully informed and committed. They are driven by compassion and altruism, not uncertainty.

Another frequent misconception is that the surrogate is biologically related to the child. This is only true in traditional surrogacy, which uses the surrogate’s own egg. Today, the vast majority of arrangements are gestational, meaning the surrogate has no genetic link to the baby she carries.

Finally, there’s the belief that surrogacy is only for the ultra-wealthy. While the process is a significant investment, it’s becoming increasingly accessible. Fertility financing programs, nonprofit grants, employer-provided benefits, and even insurance coverage in certain states are making surrogacy a reality for more families than ever before.

By replacing myths with facts, intended parents can approach surrogacy with clarity, confidence, and trust in the process.

Final Thoughts

Surrogacy is not a “one-size-fits-all” journey. Each path is shaped by the needs, hopes, and circumstances of the intended parents and the surrogate who walks alongside them. The most successful journeys begin with the right guidance, an experienced agency, skilled medical professionals, and legal experts who understand the nuances of reproductive law.

Your path to parenthood is valid, possible, and worth pursuing. With the right team, thorough preparation, and a heart open to collaboration, surrogacy can lead you to one of life’s greatest joys: welcoming your child into the world.

When you’re ready to start your journey, Growing Generations will be here to help you. Contact us for a consultation and click here to find out more.

Sources

Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART).  Annual reports on IVF and surrogacy success rates. https://www.sart.org

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Assisted Reproductive Technology Reports. https://www.cdc.gov/art

At Growing Generations, we believe that everyone deserves the opportunity to build a family, including those who are living with HIV. The desire to become a parent doesn’t change because of a diagnosis, and thanks to remarkable advances in reproductive medicine, neither do the possibilities.

Today, surrogacy for HIV-positive couples and individuals is possible, allowing them to pursue parenthood with the same joy, intention, and hope as any other aspiring parent. This journey is made possible by compassionate professionals, groundbreaking medical protocols, and a belief that love makes a family, not HIV status.

The Impact of Medical Advances on HIV and Family Building

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) once meant a significantly reduced life expectancy and limited options for parenthood. Over the past two decades, there has been a shift in what it means to live with HIV. Today, with the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), individuals with HIV can live long, healthy lives; they can achieve and maintain an undetectable viral load. When HIV is undetectable, it is also untransmittable—a principle known as U=U.

This transformation in HIV care is now extended into the world of assisted reproduction. Advancements in reproductive technology such as the Special Program of Assisted Reproduction (SPAR) program have made it possible for HIV-positive individuals and couples to grow their families through surrogacy safely. With specialized medical procedures like sperm washing and rigorous viral load monitoring, biological parenthood is not only possible—it’s safe for everyone involved.

For intended parents living with HIV, this opens the door to a family-building journey that is rooted in trust, transparency, and the freedom to envision a future with children of their own.

How Surrogacy Works for HIV+ Intended Parents

Surrogacy is a collaborative process where a surrogate helps intended parents bring their child into the world. For HIV-positive individuals, the process includes a few additional medical steps, but with the right team, it is as safe and successful as any other surrogacy journey. Here’s how the process typically works:

1. Medical Clearance and Viral Load Monitoring

Before beginning the surrogacy process, an HIV-positive intended parent will need to be under the care of an infectious disease specialist and have been on ART with an undetectable viral load—usually for at least 6 months to a year. Your medical team will assess your health and ensure you are a candidate for sperm washing and assisted reproduction.

2. Sperm Washing: Ensuring Safety and Success

Sperm washing is a groundbreaking procedure involving separating healthy sperm cells from the seminal fluid—the part of semen where HIV may be present. Since HIV does not live in the sperm itself, this process allows for the safe use of a washed sample in IVF or ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection).

Once the sperm is washed and tested, it is used to fertilize an egg from either the intended mother or an egg donor. The resulting embryo is then transferred to the surrogate. Sperm washing has been safely and effectively used for decades and is considered a gold standard for HIV-positive men pursuing biological parenthood.

3. Choosing the Right Surrogacy Partner

At Growing Generations, we believe that the surrogate and intended parent(s) relationship is a cornerstone of the journey. We work with surrogates who are not only medically cleared but also fully informed and supportive of working with HIV-positive individuals. This openness fosters trust and a shared commitment to building a family together.

4. Legal Protections and Ethical Considerations

Surrogacy involves complex legal frameworks, and these are even more important when additional medical considerations are involved. Intended parents will work with experienced reproductive attorneys to ensure all parties understand their rights, responsibilities, and protections.

While there is no legal barrier to HIV-positive individuals becoming parents via surrogacy in most jurisdictions, some states may have specific guidelines or clinic policies, which is why choosing an agency with expertise in this area is very important.

The surrogacy journey is one of the most personal and meaningful paths you can take—and it’s also one that requires a team. For HIV-positive intended parents, that team includes fertility specialists, infectious disease doctors, legal experts, counselors, and surrogacy professionals who are experienced in guiding individuals through this process with dignity and respect.

Growing Generations is proud to have supported numerous HIV-positive clients on their path to parenthood. Our team ensures that every step, from medical clearances to embryo transfer to delivery day, is handled with care, compassion, and discretion.

Surrogacy for HIV Positive Intended Parents

Because we want to put your mind at ease, we’ve put together a list of frequently asked questions.

Is it safe for an HIV-positive person to become a biological parent through surrogacy?

Yes. With an undetectable viral load and sperm washing, the risk of transmitting HIV to the surrogate or child is virtually eliminated. Many healthy babies have been born through this method without any virus transmission.

What is sperm washing, and how does it work?

Sperm washing is a laboratory technique that separates sperm cells from the seminal fluid, where HIV may reside. After washing, the sperm is tested to ensure it's HIV-free before being used in IVF or ICSI to fertilize an egg.

Can both partners be HIV-positive and still pursue surrogacy?

Yes, though additional medical screenings and care plans may be needed, especially if both partners are contributing biological material. The key requirement is that the partner contributing sperm has a consistently undetectable viral load.

Are all fertility clinics equipped to help HIV-positive intended parents?

No, not all clinics offer sperm washing or work with HIV-positive clients. It’s important to work with a surrogacy agency like Growing Generations that has trusted relationships with clinics experienced in HIV-positive reproductive care.

Will my surrogate know about my HIV status?

Yes, your surrogate will be fully informed. Transparency and informed consent are essential in any surrogacy journey, and it’s part of ensuring a trusting, collaborative relationship between you and your surrogate.

Your Journey to Parenthood Starts Here

If you are living with HIV but want to start your journey to parenthood, we want you to know this: Your dream is not only valid; it is possible.  HIV does not define your capacity to love or your ability to raise a child in a safe, nurturing home. The road may require a few extra steps, but it is paved with science, supported by professionals who believe in you, and guided by your unwavering love and desire to build a family.

Surrogacy for HIV-positive intended parents is a path filled with hope, joy, and possibility. With the right care team and a trusted surrogacy agency, you can move forward confidently, knowing that science is on your side—and so are we.

If you’re ready to take the next step or simply want to learn more, we’re here to answer your questions, listen to your story, and walk with you as you begin this life-changing journey. Because no matter your status, every loving parent deserves the chance to build a family.

When you are ready to take the next step, contact us.

Becoming a surrogate is a generous and life-changing decision. At Growing Generations, our surrogates are the heart of what we do—and choosing the right candidates is imperative in the success and safety of everyone involved in the journey to parenthood. While we welcome women from many backgrounds, certain medical, legal, and lifestyle factors can disqualify someone from being a surrogate. Important surrogate health and lifestyle requirements must be met to protect everyone. Understanding the disqualifications for surrogacy can help you know whether you’re a good fit or what steps you might need to take before applying.

Common Disqualifications for Surrogacy

It is important to understand the key factors that could impact your eligibility as a surrogate before moving forward in the surrogacy process. Below are some of the most common disqualifications we consider during our screening process:

Age Outside of 21 to 38

Surrogates must be between 21 and 38 years old. This age range reflects what’s medically considered safest for carrying a pregnancy. Women outside this range are more likely to experience complications or have reduced success rates during IVF.

Body Mass Index (BMI) Above 32

BMI is an important indicator of overall health in pregnancy. A BMI over 32 can increase the risk of gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and delivery complications. While we support healthy body diversity, we also prioritize safety and will ask you to meet this requirement before proceeding.

Delivery History

To become a surrogate, you must have previously carried and delivered at least one child without major complications. This helps demonstrate your body’s ability to safely sustain a pregnancy. This is essential in ensuring the best outcomes for both you and the baby. Growing Generations does not accept surrogate applicants who have not given birth at least once.

Pregnancy History

The health and safety of our surrogates and the babies they carry is a very important consideration. A past occurrence of serious pregnancy complications may cause us to deny your application to be a surrogate. Some of the medical conditions that may exclude surrogates from proceeding are toxemia, preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and diabetes outside of pregnancy. These are serious complications that can recur in future pregnancies. Our team will request your medical records and carefully evaluate any past issues.

Cervical Condition

Our physicians conduct a thorough obstetric history on all surrogate applicants. An incompetent cervix can cause very serious complications for pregnancy, including preterm labor and miscarriage. For this reason, we are unable to work with surrogates who have received this diagnosis.

Use of Tobacco, Recreational Drugs, or Heavy Alcohol

You must be tobacco-free (including vaping) for a minimum of 12 months prior to applying. Recreational drug use is not permitted, and regular or excessive alcohol consumption may be a disqualifying factor. A safe and substance-free lifestyle is a must during pregnancy.

Well-being Concerns

Surrogacy can be emotionally demanding. We will also conduct a psychological screening to ensure you're mentally and emotionally prepared for the journey.

Financial or Housing Instability

We encourage surrogates to begin this journey from a place of financial stability, as it helps create a positive surrogacy experience. In addition, the motivation to become a surrogate comes from a genuine desire to help others with their journey to parenthood rather than from financial pressure. Having stable housing, reliable income, and a strong support system can make a meaningful difference throughout the process.

State of Residency

Surrogacy is not legal in all states. If you reside in a state where surrogacy is risky or not legal, Growing Generations will not be able to accept your surrogacy application. These states are:

• Alaska

• Indiana

• Louisiana

• Nebraska

• New York

• Wyoming

You must also have a valid green card that is valid for the next 3 years if you are not a United States citizen.

Criminal Activity

Growing Generations does not accept surrogate applicants or their partners who have been convicted of a felony.

Aside from these potential disqualifiers, it's also important to know that some conditions can delay your surrogacy even if you meet all the requirements.

Surrogacy Eligibility FAQ

While the guidelines above cover the most typical disqualifications, we understand that every applicant’s situation is unique. Below, we address some of the most commonly asked questions about specific conditions and whether they impact your eligibility to become a surrogate.

Can You Be a Surrogate if Your Tubes Are Tied?

Yes, you can be a surrogate if your tubes are tied. This is one of the most common misconceptions we hear from potential applicants. Because IVF bypasses the fallopian tubes entirely, having a tubal ligation does not affect your ability to carry a pregnancy as a surrogate.

Can You Be a Surrogate With Herpes?

Having herpes will not automatically disqualify you as a surrogate. The answer depends on your specific medical history. If you have genital herpes (HSV-2) but it is well-managed—with no recent outbreaks and under medical supervision—you may still be eligible. We'll review your OB records and current treatment plan to determine if you meet our criteria. The most important factor is ensuring the condition doesn't increase risk during pregnancy or delivery. You may, however, be required to undergo a C-section for the protection of the baby.

Can You Be a Surrogate with PCOS?

The answer is: possibly. PCOS is a hormonal condition that can affect ovulation, but because IVF is used in surrogacy, that factor isn’t as critical. What matters more is whether PCOS caused complications during previous pregnancies. If you’ve had a healthy, full-term pregnancy despite your diagnosis, you may still be eligible to become a surrogate.

Can You Be a Surrogate If You Had Gestational Diabetes?

While it doesn’t immediately disqualify you from being a surrogate, it is an important condition to address. It depends on how it was managed. If your gestational diabetes was controlled with diet and did not lead to complications for you or your baby, you may still be approved. However, if it required insulin or resulted in issues such as high birth weight or early delivery, that could be a disqualifying factor.

Can You Be a Surrogate After Menopause?

Unfortunately, you cannot be a surrogate after menopause. Even though IVF doesn’t rely on your own eggs, menopause signals other changes in your body, making pregnancy riskier. Hormonal support isn’t enough to reverse the natural changes that occur post-menopause. For these reasons, surrogacy programs—including ours—require surrogates to be premenopausal with regular cycles.

Becoming a Surrogate

Choosing to become a surrogate is an incredible act of generosity. However, it requires meeting specific medical, legal, and lifestyle criteria to ensure a safe and successful journey for everyone involved. Understanding these disqualifications can help you determine whether surrogacy is the right path for you.

If you have questions about your eligibility or a unique medical history, we encourage you to find out more about our surrogate screening process.

At Growing Generations, we are committed to guiding you through the process with care and transparency, helping you take the first steps toward making a profound difference in someone’s life. We are here to provide personalized guidance and answer all your questions—even the ones you might feel nervous to ask. Get started today by contacting us online or calling us at (323) 965-7500.